The course analyses the causes and the effects of the ongoing globalization process under the perspective of international economics. Namely, the economic theory of international trade will be introduced, and the following questions will be addressed: What are the gains from trade and why do countries trade among themselves? Who benefits and who loses out from international trade? What determines the trade specialization of each country? Why is protectionism a cost and why we have multilateral trading regulations? In the second part of the course, the attention will be cast on specific issues related to globalization and international trade: International trade and protection of the environment; Migrations; Globalization and increasing economic and social inequalities within each country.