This activity aims to explore the system of protection of fundamental rights within the legal order of the European Union, starting with the Charter of Fundamental Rights, in the light of the practice of the Court of Justice of the European Union. In particular, it will examine: 1) Fundamental rights in the hierarchy of sources of Union law: fundamental values, general principles of law, primary law, and secondary law; 2) The structure of the system of protection of rights in the Charter of Fundamental Rights: scope, principles, horizontal applicability, and its relationship with the ECHR; 3) The justiciability of Charter

rights by Union judges and Member State judges; 4) Cultural and social rights in the Charter; 5) The liability of Member States for violations of Union law, including fundamental rights.